城市林木生物量对硬化地表和种植密度的响应

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 城市林木生物量对硬化地表和种植密度的响应 DOI: 10.5846/stxb202107071811 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（41571053，71533005） Responses of biomass of urban trees to pavement and spacing Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: The National Natural Science Foundation of China (General Program, Key Program, Major Research Plan) 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:以北京市典型绿化树种油松、白蜡和元宝枫为实验对象，设置不透水地表、透水地表和对照（自然地表）3种地表类型和低（株行距为2.0 m×2.0 m）、中（1.0 m×1.0 m）、高（0.5 m×0.5 m）3个种植密度，经过6年的生长，对树木的生长和生物量进行了测定。结果表明：相比于对照，不透水地表下油松、白蜡和元宝枫的树高生长受到抑制，白蜡和元宝枫的单株生物量分别降低2.1%-27.1%和33.6%-52.3%，根冠比分别增加3.4%-25.8%和15.7%-23.4%。相比于不透水地表，透水地表下白蜡和元宝枫的树高显著增加，白蜡的单株生物量增加5.3%-45.5%，根冠比下降11.4%-18.7%。随着密度的增加，3种树木的基径和单株生物量显著降低，但中低密度下的单位面积生物量无显著性差异。此外，硬化地表与种植密度对树木的基径、树高、单株生物量和根冠比均无显著的交互作用。因此，在城市绿化中，采用透水地表来替代不透水地表，有利于改善树木生境进而促进树木生长。白蜡相比元宝枫更能适应硬化地表的不利影响，是更好的城市绿化树种的选择。同时，合理的种植密度是保证城市树木生长的重要因素。 Abstract:With the accelerating of urbanization, land pavement has been expanding rapidly in cities worldwide, leaving the limited space available for urban trees. Many trees have to be planted next to or within paved land. Land pavement prevents the exchanges of water, air, nutrient, and heat between soils and other environmental compartment, and changes the microclimate of urban trees, thus significantly influences the growth of urban trees. The spacing of trees will result in plant competition for light, water and nutrients and it is also an important factor which can affect the growth of urban trees. In this study, three urban tree species, including pine (Pinus tabilaeformis Carr.), ash (Fraxinus chinensis Roxb.), and maple (Acer truncatum Bunge.), were planted on different pavement types (impervious brick pavement, pervious brick pavement, and no pavement as the control) at three different spacings, including low (0.5 m×0.5 m apart), middle (1.0 m×1.0 m), and high (2.0 m×2.0 m). After 6 years of growing, the basal diameter, height, individual biomass, and its allocation of the three tree species were investigated. Compared with the control, the height of pine, ash, and maple under impervious pavement significantly (P<0.05) decreased 13.5%-23.9%, -4.6%-20.9%, and 15.5%-22.1%, respectively. The individual biomass of ash and maple under impervious pavement also significantly (P<0.05) decreased 2.1%-27.1% and 33.6%-52.3%. While the root to shoot ratio (R:S ratio) of ash and maple under impervious pavement significantly (P<0.05) increased 3.4%-25.8% and 15.7%-23.4%. Relative to impervious pavement, the height of ash and maple under pervious pavement significantly (P<0.05) increased 11.6%-37.0% and 11.2%-26.2%. The individual biomass of ash under pervious pavement significantly (P<0.05) increased 5.3%-45.5%, R:S ratio significantly (P<0.05) decreased 11.4%-18.7%. The basal diameter and individual biomass of the three tree species were inhibited with the increase of spacing. While there was no significant difference on biomass per area between low and middle spacing for the three tree species. In addition, there was no significant interactions between pavement and spacing inhibition of basal diameter, height, individual biomass, and R:S ratio in the three urban tree species. Therefore, pervious materials are more suitable for land pavement where trees will be planted. Ash showed more tolerance to land pavement than maple, indicating that the selection of tolerant tree species is essential for urban planting. The rational close planting is also an important factor to ensure the growth of urban trees. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献