バーンアウトの３因子モデルに関する考察

Abstract

The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) is almost universally used inventory to assess burnout. The MBI defines burnout as a three dimensional syndrome characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment. Efforts have been made toward understanding how various correlates are associated with each of the three dimensions. This paper reviewed the burnout literatures and argued that there are three frameworks for understanding the correlations among the three dimensions. The first framework is the unidimensional model which limits the concept of burnout just to the component of emotional exhaustion. The second framework postulates that there is a sequential progressive order over time, in which the occurrence of one dimension precipitates the development of another dimension. The third framework assumed that certain demand and a deficit of resource leads to burnout and investigated their association with each of the burnout dimension. Based on the review of these three frameworks, the discussion proposed new directions for future research.