Abstract
Mycorrhizae of horticultural plants currently being cultivated in Japan were investigated.Endomycorrhizae were formed in roots of almost all kinds of fruit trees, vegetable crops and flowers and ornamental plants. Of the flowers and ornamental plants examined, azalea had so called ericalean and cymbidium orchidaceous mycorrhiza. Other horticultural plants had VA mycorrhizae. Only in stock plants were no mycorrhiza observed. Ectomycorrhizae were not found in any of the plants examined.VA mycorrhizal fungi penetrated the root through the root hairs or epidermal cells and then formed vesicules and arbuscules in the cortical tissue. VA mycorrhizal infection was not found in the growing part, stele and root tissue near the stem. Both intercellular and intracellular vesicules were formed. Arbuscules were formed in the cortical cells. Vesicules were 50 to 100μm in diameter and had various forms. VA mycorrhizae of satsuma mandarin grafted onto trifoliate orange had small vesicules which were 10μm in diameter. Arbuscules (branched hyphae) were formed immediately after infection.Vesicules and arbuscules were not observed in ericalean and orchidaceous mycorrhiza. In these the hyphae, which were smaller than in VA mycorrhiza, had septa and were coiled in cortical cells.
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