高コレステロール血症の食事療法を中心に

Abstract

The First Joint Committee for the guidline of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Hyperlipidemias of Japan Atherosclerosis Society was held to suggest a standard after the intensive inspection of the literatures mainly from Japanese studies. In this forum some tentative suggestion of the intake of energy, fat, protein and antioxidant nutrients has been made on the basis of related studies mainly from western countries.Proposal:[1] Total Energy Intake should be as followings:(1) To take 25-30kcal/kg of ideal body weight (ibw)/day based on body mass index (22.0kg/m2)(2) Never increase the body weight(3) To treat the obesity, if required, with 20kcal/kg ibw/day(4) To share the energy intake equally among 3 meals[2] Fat(1) he ratio of fat to total energy should be less than 25%.(2) The ratio of saturated fatty acid (SFA) to total energy should be less than 7%.(3) Ratio of SFA: monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA): polyunsaturated acid (PUFA) should be around 1:1.5:1(4) The ratio of n-3 PUFA: n-6 PUFA should be around 1:4(5) Cholesterol intake should be less than 300mg/day.[3] Protein(1) To take 1-1.5g/kg of ibw/day of protein(2) To decrease the animal protein and to increase the fish and vegetable protein such as soy protein.[4] Antioxidant Diet as a possible protective nutrients against the formation of oxidized LDL and atherosclerosis(1) Vitamin E (αtocopherol) is required more than 10mg/day(2) Vitamin C is required more than 50mg/day(3) Carotenoids (βcarotene) are required more than 2.0mg/day(4) Flavonoids are required more than 30mg/dayDiet compositions of the ordinary Japanese diet are similar to those of the guideline from western countries. There are many mass trial reports on the treatment of hyperlipidemias and the prevention of cardiovascular diseases by changing the dietary customs in western people but a few in Japanese people. Some of these proposals should be confirmed by studies in Japanese people or with the sufficient discussion or consensus.