面部表情的知觉适应后效

Abstract

当适应了某种特殊环境之后，会对此环境的变化相当敏感，严重时甚至会产生错觉，这种现象就是感知觉的适应后效现象。人们在长时间知觉人的面孔时，会产生面孔知觉适应后效，即对于面孔的性别、情绪、年龄等特征的变化会变得更加敏感，甚至会因过度敏感而产生认知偏差。这种面孔知觉适应是一种高水平的知觉适应现象。近年来，研究者用适应范式对面孔知觉适应现象进行了系列研究，并发现了许多影响面孔知觉适应效应量大小的因素。未来研究需要进一步探讨面孔知觉适应现象的大脑神经机制并提高面孔知觉适应现象研究的生态效度。 When having adapted to a particular environment, we will be quite sensitive to the changes in environment, and even have the illusion when serious. This phenomenon is to adapt to the aftereffect perceptual phenomenon. When we have a long perception on faces, we will have the facial aftereffects. It is that people will be more sensitive to some face features such as gender, emotion, age and so on, even resulting in a bias in the appearance because of the loss in sensitivity. The adaption on faces is a phenomenon, which is a high level adaption about perception. For decades, researchers have used the paradigm of face adaption to study the phenomenon, and found many factors that affect the aftereffects of face perception. Future research needs to discuss the brain neural mechanism of the aftereffects of face adaption and improve the ecological validity of adaptation of face perception phenomenon research.