啮齿动物捕食压力下生境类型和覆盖处理对辽东栎种子命运的影响

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 啮齿动物捕食压力下生境类型和覆盖处理对辽东栎种子命运的影响 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201103270388 作者: 作者单位: 北方民族大学,北方民族大学 生物科学与工程学院,北方民族大学 生物科学与工程学院 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目 (30960087) Effects of different habitats and coverage treatments on the fates of Quercus wutaishanica seeds under the predation pressure of rodents Author: Affiliation: Beifang University for Nationalities,, Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:在六盘山区的辽东栎灌丛和辽东栎次生林地 (以下分别称"灌丛样地"和"次生林样地"),研究了群落生境和清除凋落物、凋落物覆盖及土壤覆盖等处理对啮齿动物取食和搬运/贮藏辽东栎种子的影响。结果表明:(1) 凋落物和土壤覆盖处理在种子释放的前期阶段有利于种子留存,但释放40 d后,种子在释放点的最终留存率在灌丛样地显著高于次生林样地 (Z=-2.333, P=0.020)。灌丛样地的自然状态的种子最终留存率显著高于凋落物覆盖处理 (Z=-0.674,P=0.05),但其它处理间无显著差异;次生林样地的凋落物覆盖和清除凋落物处理种子的最终留存率为0%,自然状态和土壤覆盖处理均不足1%,各处理间无显著差异。(2) 种子被啮齿动物的就地取食率在不同群落生境间差异显著 (Z=-2.333,P = 0.020);在灌丛样地,凋落物覆盖处理种子被啮齿动物就地取食率最高 (45.56%),而次生林样地的土壤覆盖处理最高 (64.81%),种子被啮齿动物就地取食率在灌丛样地和次生林样地均为清除凋落物处理最低 (分别为23.70%和40.00%);生境类型和覆盖处理对种子搬运后的取食率均无显著影响。(3) 次生林样地种子被啮齿动物搬运后的埋藏率显著高于灌丛样地 (Z=-2.88,P = 0.004);在灌丛样地,土壤覆盖处理种子搬运后的埋藏率最高仅5.56%,而在次生林样地,清除凋落物处理最高达9.26%。(4) 种子被啮齿动物搬运后取食的平均距离在灌丛样地和次生林样地分别为3.01 m和2.13 m,差异显著 (Z=-2.080,P = 0.038),而种子搬运后埋藏的平均距离前者小于后者 (分别为1.35 m和2.10 m),两者间差异不显著。 Abstract:Quercus wutaishanica is one of the dominant tree species in warm temperate deciduous forest of China. The predation and removal / burial of the seeds by rodents play an important role in the creation of seed shadow of the tree species. The present study examined the effects of community habitats and the treatments of litterfall removal, litterfall coverage and soil coverage on the predation and removal / burial of Q. wutaishanica seeds by rodents in both degraded Q. wutaishanica shrubs and secondary Q. wutaishanica forest ("shrubs site" and "secondary forest site" hereinafter) of Liupan Mountains, northern China. The results showed that the treatments of litterfall and soil coverage facilitated the seed survival in the early of release, while the finial survival rate of seeds in shrub site was significantly higher than that of secondary forest site after 40 days since release (Z=-2.333, P=0.020). The final survival rate of seeds in control plot was significantly higher than that of those covered by litterfall in shrub site (Z=-0.674,P=0.05), but no significant difference was observed between other treatments. In the secondary forest site, however, the seeds could neither finally survive under the coverage of litterfall, nor did the seeds under the treatment of litterfall removal. The survival rates of seeds in both control plot and with soil coverage were lower than 1%. There was no significant difference between the treatments. We observed a significant difference between the two community habitats in in situ predation rate (ISPR) of Q. wutaishanica seeds by rodents (Z=-2.333,P = 0.020). The highest ISPRs were achieved under litterfall coverage in shrubs site and soil coverage in secondary forest site (45.56% and 64.81% respectively). The treatment of litterfall removal resulted in the lowest ISPR (23.70% in shrubs site and 40.00% in secondary forest site respectively). Both habitat types and coverage treatments did not significantly affect the eaten rate of seeds after rodent-removal. The burial rate of seeds after rodent-removal (BRAR) was significantly higher in the secondary forest site than in shrubs site (Z=-2.88,P = 0.004). For example, the highest BRAR for the seeds covered by soil in shrubs site was only 5.56%. In secondary forest site, however, the highest BRAR under the treatment of litterfall removal reached 9.26%. The average distance of seeds eaten after rodent-removal in shrubs site (3.01 m) was significantly higher than that in secondary forest site (2.13 m) (Z=-2.080,P = 0.038), while the average distance of seeds buried after rodent-removal in shrubs site was shorter than in secondary forest site, although no significant difference was examined between them. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献