人血液型ノ遺傳學的研究

Abstract

In the problem of the inheritance of human blood groups, 2 Pair and 3 multiple allelomorphisms are still points of controversy. As a practical problem, the question is whether children of each type will be born from parents in the group AB×X.The present writer has investigated the general rate of distribution of blood groups in 933 inhabitants of the eastern part of Harima province, for the purpose of obtaining a difinite answer to this question. At the same time the hereditary relationship obtaining in 121 families in which both the parents are alive, and of 24 with only one the results parent alive, was investigated from the family point of view. The following tables give obtained.As a result of his investigation of families, the writer recognized the hereditary relation, in harmony with the facts stated by v. Dungern & Hirschfeld. Special attention must be paid to the following points in this investigation of families-In instance No.14, the parents are AB×O; the eldest son and the third daughter are of the A type; the second son and the eldert daughter of type B; and the second daubhter of type O. In instance No. 63, thefather is dead, the mother is of type O; the eldest son of type A, the second son of type AB, and the eldest daughter of type B. The relation between parents and children observed in the two instances is a special interesting illustration for the investigation of the inheritance of blood groups. It demonstrates that when the parents are AB×O, every type appears in the children (O, A, B or AB types) and this fact serves also to refute the assertion that 3 multiple allelomorphism is possible.The results of the present investigation are, as mentioned already, in agreement with the theory of 2 pair alleloomrphism, but a comprehensive qualitative and quantitative study of the world wide and mass statistical investigations conducted by 28 other investigators was thought to be necessary. As a result such a study brought to light the following facts.When the theory of 2 pair allelomorphism is accepted, the kind of blood type that appears in the next generation agrees with this hypothesis, but the number anticipated disagrees with the actual number. When the theory of 3 multiple allelomorphism is accepted, the kind of blood type that appears in the next generation is quite contrary to the theory, but the number anticipated is approximately equal to the actual number.Neither of the two hypotheses can explain completely the actual facts of hereditary blood type qualitatively and quantitatively.