Abstract
Most of failures in welded joint occur at the ends of weld bead. This is due to the high cooling rates at the ends. In this paper, cooling cycle of arc welding at the ends of weld bead is analyzed by 3-dimensional Finite Difference Method in unsteady state temperature field. The cooling rates at the ends of bead are compared with those at the center of bead. A bead-on-plate welding is treated here and the effects of plate thickness and the distance between plate edge and bead end are estimated. It is concluded that cooling rates are raised with larger plate thickness and also increased remarkably as the distance between plate edge and bead end is increased. It is also shown that a so-called 'throw-away plate' attached to the plate edge is very effective in the reduction of cooling rate. The validity of the analysis is ascertained by CO2 arc welding experiment executed under the same welding conditions.
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