基于土地利用变化的细河流域景观生态风险评估

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 基于土地利用变化的细河流域景观生态风险评估 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201708111440 作者: 作者单位: 辽宁师范大学城市与环境学院,辽宁师范大学城市与环境学院,辽宁师范大学,辽宁师范大学城市与环境学院,辽宁师范大学城市与环境学院 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（41701208）；辽宁省教育厅课题（L201683678） Landscapeecological risk assessment of Xi river Basin based on land-use change Author: Affiliation: Liaoning Normal University,,,Liaoning Normal University,,, Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:以辽宁省细河流域为研究对象，利用1985、1995年和2005年3个时期的Landsat TM及2015年Landsat OLI遥感数据，进行了细河流域土地利用解译，定量分析了流域近30年来土地利用动态变化特征；根据景观生态学理论引入景观生态风险评价模型，将研究区划分为340个生态风险评价单元，基于地统计学和空间自相关方法，对1985-2015年细河流域景观生态风险时空分布特征及空间关联格局进行了评价。结果表明：（1）自1985年以来，研究区的6种土地利用类型皆发生了变化，其中建设用地由于林地和耕地的大量转入增加最明显。（2）1985-2015年流域高、较高和中生态风险区面积增加，且向流域南部转移；低、较低生态风险区面积减少，且向流域北部集聚；流域整体生态风险呈增高趋势。（3）研究区各时期景观生态风险呈现正的空间相关性，在空间上趋于集聚。人类活动干扰导致景观破碎，是影响该区域景观生态风险最重要的原因。 Abstract:Land-use change (LUC) affects environmental factors such as soil, atmosphere, and water. Moreover, it threatens regional ecological and environmental health. Landscape pattern is an important indicator that reflects the characteristics of land-use structure, composition and spatial configuration.Landscape changes and their eco-environmental effects have received much attention from researchers and the public. Landscape ecological risk assessment focuses on spatial heterogeneity and the correlations of landscape patterns with ecological processes. The identification of ecological elements and processes in a watershed, particularly within the context of rapid urbanization and environmental change, is of great significance for landscape ecological risk assessment. The Xi River, a tributary of the Taizi River, is located in Liaoning province and runs from south to north through Benxi city. Benxi city is an important heavy industry base in China. It is famous for its metallurgical and mining industries. In recent years, mining has caused many serious environmental problems, which include environmental pollution, mining-induced desertification, and geo-environmental hazards. The landscape pattern of the Xi River Basin has changed significantly because of large-scale mining exploration and deforestation. In this study, remote sensing data, such as those acquired from Landsat TM in 1985, 1995, and 2005, and Landsat OLI in 2015, are used. Land-use types were interpreted, and the dynamic changes in the landscape pattern were analyzed. The whole basin was then divided into 340 ecological risk assessment units. In addition, landscape ecological risks of the Xi River Basin were evaluated using the ERI (Ecological risk index). Geostatistical methods and spatial autocorrelation methods were also used to explore the spatial distribution and accumulation characteristics of landscape ecological risks. The results showed that (1) since 1985, all six types of land use have changed, and the area of construction land has increased the most because of large amount of forest and farmland changing into it. (2) from 1985 to 2015, the regions with highest, higher, and moderate levels of ecological risk have increased and moved from north to south, whereas the regions with the lowest and lower levels of ecological risk have decreased and moved from south to north, thus causing ecological risks for the whole basin to increase; (3) the landscape ecological risks showed positive spatial correlation characteristics, which implied that they were prone to gathering. This study has revealed that the main reason for the temporal and spatial variation of ecological risks in the Xi River Basin is human activity. Land-use changes have the most important effects on ecological risk factors.The assessment of ecological risks in the Xi River Basin can provide a reference for ecological conservation efforts. Managers should determine an optimal combination of the present land-use types with improved reasonable land-use types to improve the land-use structure. We should undertake integrative and rational planning and land-use management aimed at alleviating ecological risks in the Xi River basin, while considering water and environmental pollution, as well as soil erosion problems together. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献