多维发展导向视角下江苏省县域生态效率差异化评价

Abstract

提高生态效率是实现县域经济绿色发展的重要方式，在充分考虑江苏省县域经济发展合作共赢以及发展导向差异的前提下，遴选一产、二产、三产的增加值为关键指标并设置了3种不同的县域经济发展导向，采用权重约束的仁慈型交叉效率模型和Malmquist生产率指数测算了2015-2017年间江苏省32个县域在3种发展导向下的生态效率和生态全要素生产率，剖析各县域生态效率的差异性及其全要素生产率变动的驱动力，探寻各县域的差异化绿色发展模式。研究结果显示：（1）整体上看，江苏省县域总体生态效率水平较高，但同一地级市下辖的县域生态效率排名差距较大，且生态效率高的县域辐射效应不足。（2）从不同发展导向来看，县域平均生态效率值在绿色经济导向下最高，乡村振兴导向下次之，新型工业导向下最低；同时，同一县域在不同导向下的生态效率排名差异较大，隶属于乡村振兴类的县域最多，绿色经济类次之，新型工业类最少。（3）从动态分析来看，江苏省县域生态效率逐步提升，技术进步指数的增长是促进江苏省县域生态全要素生产率指数增长的主导因素，而绝大多数县域的技术效率变化指数保持不变或呈现衰退现象，表明分析期内江苏省县域生态技术效率未有所提升。;Improving eco-efficiency is an important way to achieve green development in counties. In this paper, firstly, we considered the win- win cooperation of county economic development and the difference in development orientation in Jiangsu Province. Secondly, the added values of primary, secondary and tertiary industries were selected as the key indexes to set up three different county economic development orientations. Thirdly, by using the improved benevolent cross- efficiency model and the Malmquist productivity index, the eco-efficiency and total ecological factor productivity of 32 counties in Jiangsu Province between 2015 and 2017 were measured under three development orientations. Finally, the difference of ecological efficiency and the driving force of total factor productivity change in different counties were analyzed, and a green development model that could take the advantages of each county was explored. The results show that:(1) on the whole, the level of ecological efficiency of counties in Jiangsu Province is high, but there is a big gap in the ranking of ecological efficiency of counties under the jurisdiction of the same prefecture- level city, and the radiation effect of counties with high ecological efficiency is insufficient. (2) From the perspective of different development orientations, the average eco-efficiency value of the county is the highest under the green economy orientation, the next is under the rural revitalization orientation, and the lowest is under the new industry orientation. At the same time, the eco-efficiency ranking of the same county varies greatly under different orientations, with most counties belonging to the rural revitalization category, followed by the green economy category, and the new industry category being the least. (3) From the perspective of dynamic analysis, the county ecological efficiency in Jiangsu Province has been gradually improved. Technological change is the main driving force for the growth of ecological efficiency in Jiangsu Province, while technical efficiency change is the key factor restricting its development. The technical efficiency change indexes of most counties remain unchanged or show a declining tendency, indicating that the ecological technical efficiency of the counties in Jiangsu Province has not improved shortly.