北方方言中可能补语的类型及分布

Abstract

The original intention of this paper is to answer 柯理思question about the possible complements in Beijing dialect using only the form “V得C”. In order to solve this problem, we investigated the types and distribution of possible complements in northern dialects, which also involved the lexical form of “capability”. The category of “能性” is an important grammatical category. Chinese uses complements to indicate that the possible category is very special. A detailed description of the types and distribution of possible complements in Chinese is helpful for further research on the category of competence. The possible complements in northern dialects can be divided into three categories and four sub categories: dialects that use “V de(得) C“ (including “V de(得) C“) only, dialects using only “V (C) le(了)“, dialects using “V de(得) C“ (including “V de(得) le(了)“) and “VC le(了)“ (including “V le(了)“) ; The “V de(得) C“ in Beijing dialect is the result of the competition between “V de(得) C“ and “VC le(了)“; “Vle(了)lao(唠) → V lao(唠)“ is more likely that the grammatical meaning merges with the lexical meaning, rather than the “reduplicated syllable be omitted“.