西安市温室气体排放的动态分析及等级评估

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 西安市温室气体排放的动态分析及等级评估 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201305271199 作者: 作者单位: 陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院,陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院,陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院,陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院,陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院,陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 陕西省软科学研究计划项目(2012KRM48);国家社会科学基金项目(14XKS019);黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室基金(10501-1214) Dynamic analysis of greenhouse gas emission and evaluation of the extent of emissions in Xi'an City, China Author: Affiliation: College of Tourism and Environmental Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University,,,,, Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:为了解西安市温室气体排放的动态规律和排放水平,基于全球标杆的温室气体排放等级评价方法,并采用国际公认的《2006年IPCC国家温室气体清单指南》和基于IPCC的《省级温室气体编制指南》推荐的方法对西安市的温室气体排放进行了动态分析和排放等级评估。结果表明,从1995年到2011年,西安市温室气体排放呈快速上升趋势,16年间温室气体排放量从1207.16×104t 上升为3934.17×104t,年均增高7.66%。增幅最高的是水泥温室气体(年均增高11.75%)、废弃物(8.77%)和能源(7.63%),农业年均降低1.74%,林业固碳年圴增加3.56%。从温室气体构成看,能源占80.13%-90.55%,水泥占1.75%-7.49%,农业占1.86%-8.01%,林业固碳占-2.58%—5.22%,废物处理占7.52%-16.38%。可见能源消费的增加是导致西安市温室气体排放增长的主要原因,林业碳汇能力有待提高。万元GDP温室气体排放不断降低,说明西安市碳减排方面的科技进步在不断提高。人均、单位面积温室气体排放量和排放指数增速很快,年均增幅分别达5.84%、7.66%和6.84%。西安市温室气体排放等级持续增高,16年间从较低等级(Ⅰc)上升为中下等级(Ⅱa),目前距应对气候变暖目标(Ⅰb)已高出两个亚级,温室气体排放增高的趋势不容忽视。 Abstract:Global warming caused by greenhouse gas emission may cause severe environmental and social problems. Greenhouse gas accounting has become a hotly debated research topic. Internationally, some research has been undertaken on greenhouse gas accounting and some progress has been made; however, there are many shortcomings in this field. The main problem is that current research is mainly focused on carbon emission, particularly carbon emission from fossil fuel combustion, and is less involved in carbon fixation and ways of assessing regional carbon emission levels. In addition, the actual emission figures for greenhouse gases nationally and regionally in China were unknown. Although much research relates to carbon emission, the results are difficult to compare owing to inconsistent research methods and standards. Xi'an City, a historical and cultural tourist city in China, lies in the radiation center of the Guan-Tian economic zone. It is the economic, cultural, education, manufacturing and high-tech industry hub of northwest China. Xi'an will be an international metropolis in China in the near future. However, research relating to the greenhouse gas footprint in Xi'an is scarce. In this paper, the author proposed an evaluation system for greenhouse gas (GHG) emission to the level of global benchmarking using the methods recommended by the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories and the Chinese Guidelines for Provincial Greenhouse Gas Inventories, and using this a dynamic analysis of GHG emission and evaluation of the extent of GHG emission in Xi'an City was performed. The results showed that, from 1995 to 2011, GHG emission showed a rapidly rising trend in Xi'an City, increasing from 1207.16×104t to 3934.17×104t, which represented an average annual increase of 7.66%. The largest increase was for cement (an average annual increase of 11.75%), waste (8.77%) and energy (7.63%) GHG. Agricultural GHG emission showed an annual reduction of 1.74%, while forestry carbon sequestration showed an annual average increase of 3.56%. In a breakdown of emissions, energy GHG accounted for 80.13%-90.55%, cement GHG for 1.75%-7.49%, agricultural GHG for 1.86%-8.01%, forestry carbon sequestration for -2.58%—5.22%, and waste treatment GHG for 7.52%-16.38%. An increase in energy consumption is the main cause of the increase in GHG emission in Xi'an City, and forestry carbon sequestration capacity needs to be improved. In Xi'an City, the GHG emission per 10,000 Yuan GDP was constantly decreasing, and progress in the science and technology of carbon emission has continuously improved. The GHG emission per capita, per unit area and per carbon emission index has increased very quickly, showing an average annual increase of 5.84%, 7.66% and 6.84% respectively. The carbon emission state in Xi'an City has increased continually from a low level (Ⅰc) to a middle level (Ⅱa), which was an increase of two sub-grades and which was two grades higher than the target set for the control of global climate warming. The increasing trend in carbon emission cannot be ignored. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献