Abstract
A big difference between the Andaman Sea coast and the coasts in the western countries of the Indian Ocean was found in damage state caused by the Indian Ocean Tsunami. It is thought that geographical features of the coastal cross-shore section affect the characteristics of the tsunami deformation and the damage situation of the coastal structures. In this paper, the model experiments were conducted to clarify the difference of deformation, breaking, runup or pressure of tsunami by the characteristic of the coastal cross section. The wave steepness and water depth on the reef are closely related to generation and development of dispersive solitons, and it is clarified that the impulsive breaking wave force takes place at the breaking of individual soliton. Tanimoto's empirical formula can be applied to estimate the wave force of tsunami on coastal structures when the dispersive solitons almost disappear due to these breaking or no dispersive solitons occur.
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