日本におけるペンション経営

Abstract

The writer analyzes in this paper the “pension” management which began in Japan in the first half of the 1970s, taking the case of Minenohara Plateau, Nagano Prefecture. As the result, the writer shows several facts as follows:1) The “pension” in Japan means a small lodging cottage with both the simplicity of Minshuku (Minshuku is a cheap lodging houses in tourist resorts, and most of them are usually operated by farmers or fishers as a side work) and the modern form of hotel. Small party travellers or families use the pension in their vacation trips in mountain area. In 1980, there were 652 pensions in Japan, out of which 357 (55% of all) were located in Nagano Prefecture. The pensions generally depend on family-employees. They operate their business for half a year or more.2) Minenohara Plateau is located in Jyoshin-etsu Kogen National Park, Central Japan, and now this plateau is one of the typical “pension” regions in Japan. This plateau had remained as non-residential woodland by 1971, when the area began to develop for pensions. The area was developed under guidance of the prefecture authorities with the local settlements in partnership.3) In this plateau, the most of managers of pension came from Tokyo Metropolitan regions, and their former occupations were in varieties. It was necessary for them to raise the capital of 55 milion yen in the case of the accomodations for 40 people when they opened a pension. They depend on bank-loan for their opening of pension, which occupied two-thirds of their necessary capital. Consequently, their business has been in needy circumstances, in general.