基于潜变量增长曲线模型的生态移民儿童行为问题的研究

Abstract

目的：应用潜变量增长曲线模型探讨分析生态移民儿童行为问题随时间的变化规律及一般自我效能感和班级环境对儿童行为问题发展趋势的影响。方法：针对生态移民儿童进行三次调查，应用潜变量增长曲线模型，考察儿童行为问题的发展趋势，进一步分析一般自我效能感与班级环境对生态移民儿童行为问题发展水平与速度的影响。结果：1) 行为问题在三次调查期间下降速度显著大于0(p < 0.000)，截距的变异(σ2 = 272.328, p < 0.05)也显著大于0，截距与斜率之间无显著相关；2) 对行为问题变化模型截距的预测中，性别与同学关系有显著的负向预测作用(p < 0.001)。在对变化模型斜率的预测中，一般自我效能感有显著的负向预测作用(B = −6.891, p < 0.05)。结论：生态移民儿童行为问题在三次调查期间呈线性下降趋势，其起始行为问题水平呈现明显的个体差异，且起始水平与下降速度无关。班级环境中的同学关系越好，初始水平行为问题总分越低。一般自我效能感越高，行为问题的下降速度越快。 Objective: To investigate the development path of behavior problems among ecological immigrant children, as well study the effect of general self-efficacy and class environment on ecological migration on children’s behavior problems. Methods: We examined the developmental changes in behavior problems on ecological immigrant adolescence using latent growth curve modeling. Then, we examined the impacts of general self-efficacy and class environment on growing trend and rate of change on immigrant adolescence’s behavior problems. Results: 1) The descending developmental trend of behavior problems during the 27 months, was significant on the whole. The descending speed (p < 0.000) and variation of intercept (σ2 = 272.328, p < 0.05) was greater than zero. Besides, the rake ratio was not significantly correlated with intercept; 2) The gender and classmate relations also had a significant negative influence on the intercept (p < 0.001). The initial general self-efficacy had a significant negative influence on the rake ratio (B = −6.891, p < 0.05). Conclusion: The descending developmental trend of total behavior problems was obvious, while the initial level was not significantly correlated with the descending speed. The better classmate relations, the score of behavior problems’ initial level lower. The higher score of initial general self-efficacy, the speed descended faster.