Abstract
The effects of ultrasonic waves on electrolysis consist mainly of cavitation action. The collapse of cavitation bubbles in liquid generate collapse pressure, jet flow and impulse pressure due to the jet flow. First, the collapsing motion of a single bubble near a electrode surface was modeled, and equations of motion for a spherical gas bubble were obtained. Next, the properties of deposits were studied on the basis of the equations of motion. The jet flow speed and liquid pressure due to water hammer were calculated using equations (33) and (34) in liquid. For example, when the jet flow speed was 120m·s-1, the water pressure was about 2000atm. The mass transfer on the electrode was a turbulent diffusion. The jet flow and pressure affected the entire mechanism of electrodeposition: the rate of deposition, current efficiency, hardness, roughness and particle size of deposits were affected.
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