各種セラミックスインプラント材周囲の骨形成ならびに歯肉付着状態に関する研究

Abstract

Biologic responses implant materials; almina ceramic, hydroxyapatite, carbon ceramic and titanium, inserted in the mandible from 8 dogs and in the femur from 36 rabbits were examined with the use of routine histology, scanning electric microscope (SEM), X-ray microanalyzer (EMX) and micro X-ray diffraction. The materials from the 1, 2, 4, 8 and 20 weeks in the rabbits femur and from the 1 and 4 weeks in dogs mandible were tested to evaluate bone reactions which contacted the implant materials in the femur as well as tissue reaction in attached gingival epithelium of the mandible.Histologically, new bone formation, which was in contact with both the implant materials almina ceramic and hydroxyapatite, was more prominent in comparison to titanium and carbon ceramic. Gingival tissues attached to the ceramics materials showed no foreign-body reaction without epithelial proliferation. Gingival reaction to inserted titanium reveals epithelial downgrowth with slight pocket formation. Implanted carbon ceramic materials into bone tissue show absorption from their surface and their adjacent bone structure showed no foreign-body reaction. Histological reactions to the ceramics into bone structures usually showed no marked inflammatory reaction and no reactive proliferation of connective tissue fibers. Concentrations of Ca and P-ions in the bone tissue which attached to the materials were higher than that in the normal bone with the X-ray microanalysis technique.From the present study, almina ceramic and hydroxyapatite, as implanted materials, showed an excellent histologic reaction to bone and soft tissues.