基于文献计量的海洋空间规划应用生态系统服务研究进展

Abstract

运用文献计量平台和知识图谱可视化手段，基于2000-2019年间Web of Science数据库中496篇文献样本，梳理国际海洋空间规划应用生态系统服务的整体概貌，把握热点主题和演化路径。结果表明，近20年，国际学界在该交叉领域聚焦于保护状况、海洋保护区、海洋空间规划、社会-生态系统、生态系统服务价值评估、生态系统服务权衡和近海渔业等7个热点主题。生态系统服务在海洋空间规划领域经历了由作为保护目标到技术工具再到治理路径的研究递进。相应地，国际学者应用生态系统服务的目的从追求技术上的最优解，拓展至对合理空间治理方案的探索。其中，以生态系统服务为核心的人海耦合机制及科学知识的实践转化是有待解决的难点，需要从多学科视角、宏微观分析和研究方法创新上加以突破。面向我国国土空间规划体系改革，应超越规划工具理性，走出应用海洋生态系统服务价值评估的局限。国内学者可从引导规划理念认知、增强空间治理精细化、提升规划公平与效率等现实需求入手，探索生态系统服务应用于我国海洋空间规划的可行路径，以此推动规划理论方法的完善，同时为提升人民海洋福祉提供切实保障。;By employing the bibliometric platform and the visualized knowledge graph method, this paper analyzed 496 literatures in the cross-research filed of ecosystem services (ES) and marine spatial planning (MSP). The literatures were published from 2000 to 2019 and taken from the Web of Science database. This research reveals the whole image of the application of ES in the international MSP studies, especially the research hotspots and the evolution path. Results demonstrate that, during the past two decades, the international academic communities have focused on seven hot topics, including conservation status, marine protected areas, marine spatial planning, social-ecosystem, valuation, trade-offs and offshore fisheries. In the field of MSP, ES has experienced progressive research from being a protection goal to a technical tool, and then to a governance path. Accordingly, the purpose of international scholars’ application of ES has expanded from the pursuit of technical optimal solutions to reasonable schemes for spatial governance. In this progress, it is both of the ES-oriented human-sea coupling mechanism and the transformation of ES knowledge into practice that have been the main research challenges. The challenges require for making a breakthrough, which may start with considering a multi-disciplinary perspective, macro and micro analyses, as well as research method innovation. Against the reforming background of China’s territorial spatial planning, the Chinese researchers should go beyond the instrumental rationality of planning and the limitation in the application of marine ES valuation. Domestic studies could attempt to use ES for guiding the cognition of planning ideal, enhancing the refinement of spatial governance, and improving planning fairness and efficiency. Finally, the feasible paths for ES application to China’s MSP should be explored, so as to promote the development of China’s spatial planning theory and provide practical guarantee for people’s marine well-being.