施肥对旱地花生主要土壤肥力指标及产量的影响

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 施肥对旱地花生主要土壤肥力指标及产量的影响 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201204230581 作者: 作者单位: 山东省花生研究所,山东省花生研究所,山东省花生研究所,山东省花生研究所,山东省花生研究所,山东省花生研究所,山东省花生研究所,山东省花生研究所,山东省花生研究所 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 山东省农业重大应用技术创新课题(夏花生高产高效关键技术研究);山东省科技发展计划项目(2012GNC11102);青岛市公共领域科技支撑计划项目( 12-1-3-28-nsh 和11-2-3-28-nsh) Effects of fertilization on soil fertility indices and yield of dry-land peanut Author: Affiliation: Shandong Peanut Research Institute,Qingdao,Shandong Peanut Research Institute,Qingdao,Shandong Peanut Research Institute,Qingdao,Shandong Peanut Research Institute,Qingdao,Shandong Peanut Research Institute,Qingdao,Shandong Peanut Research Institute,Qingdao,Shandong Peanut Research Institute,Qingdao,Shandong Peanut Research Institute,Qingdao,Shandong Peanut Research Institute,Qingdao Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:大田条件下,研究了纯无机肥及不同用量有机-无机配施对旱地砂壤土花生土壤微生物种群及数量、土壤主要酶活性、土壤呼吸速率及产量的影响,结果表明:(1)土壤中细菌、放线菌和真菌数量随有机无机肥配施数量的增加而增加;单施无机复合肥对微生物数量的增加不明显,中量有机无机肥配施比单纯施中量无机肥处理的细菌、放线菌和真菌数量全生育期平均值分别提高114.9%、49.0%和29.0%。(2)施肥可以显著提高土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、酸性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶活性及土壤呼吸速率,其中有机无机中、高量配施显著高于其他处理,中量纯无机肥(农民常规施肥)相近于或低于(尤其在生育后期)低量有机无机肥配施;施肥对土壤过氧化氢酶活性的影响小于其余3种酶。(3)不同类群土壤微生物数量、土壤主要酶活性及土壤呼吸作用关系密切,相互间相关系数均达到极显著水平。(4)有机无机中、高量配施花生产量显著高于其他处理,中量无机肥加中量有机肥比中量纯无机肥增产14.0%,表明在砂壤土上施用有机肥,其对土壤肥力提高的增产作用远远大于其本身所含花生生育所需营养直接供应作用。(5)兼顾土壤肥力和花生产量,肥力中等的砂壤土,可采用中量有机无机肥混配施用。 Abstract:Effects of pure inorganic fertilizer and different amounts of compound of organic fertilizer (yard manure) and inorganic fertilization on numbers of soil microbe, soil enzyme activities, soil respiration rate and yield of peanut were studied under field condition. The results were as follows: (1) Numbers of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi were raised with the increase of amount combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer. Pure inorganic fertilizer had not obviously effect on the number of soil microbe.Numbers of the three kind microorganism were increased by 114.9%、49.0% and 29.0%,respectively,in medium level of combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer compared to medium level of pure inorganic fertilizer.(2) Fertilization can significantly enhance the enzyme activity of urease, invertase, phosphatase and catalase and soil respiration rate. Enzyme activity and soil respiration rate of medium and high level of combined application were much higher than that of the other treatments. The effect of pure inorganic fertilizer with medium level was near to,or lower in late growing stage, than that of low level of combined application. Fertilization had little effects on the activity of catalase than that of the other three enzymes. (3) Significant correlative relationships were found among soil microorganisms, soil enzyme activities and soil respiration. (4) Pod yields of peanut with medium and high level of combined application were much higher than that of other treatments, and increased by 14.0% in medium level of combined application compared to in pure medium level of inorganic fertilizer(normal rate for farmer land). So, the role of organic fertilizer to yield increase through improving soil fertility was far greater than that of its direct nourishment supply in sandy soil. (5)Taking into account both soil fertility and yield of peanut, medium level of combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer was appropriate in middle-fertility sandy soil. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献