引黄灌区次生盐碱地速生杨光谱与光合特性对不同秸秆层的响应

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 引黄灌区次生盐碱地速生杨光谱与光合特性对不同秸秆层的响应 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201809051893 作者: 作者单位: 北京林业大学,宁夏大学新技术应用研究开发中心,北京林业大学理学院,宁夏大学新技术应用研究开发中心 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: “宁夏（中阿）旱区资源评价与环境调控重点实验室”建设项目与宁夏科技支撑项目“银川国家农业园区盐渍化改良技术的研究与示范” Response of spectral reflectance and photosynthetic characteristics of fast-growing poplar (Populus) to different straw layers in secondary saline-alkali land in the Yellow River irrigation area Author: Affiliation: Beijing Forestry University,Development Center of New Technique Application and Research, Ningxia University,College of Science, Beijing Forestry University,Development Center of New Technique Application and Research, Ningxia University Fund Project: Ningxia(China-Arab) key laboratory of Resource Assessment and Environmental Regulation in Arid Region & Research and Demonstration on the Improvement Technology of Salinization in Yinchuan National Agricultural Park 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:在宁夏引黄灌区次生盐碱地，设置了填埋秸秆层（B）、覆盖秸秆层（M）、填埋配合覆盖秸秆层（B+M）和无任何处理（空白对照，CK）共4种处理，通过随机区组试验，在土壤水盐变化的基础上，通过分析速生杨光谱及光合特性对秸秆层响应，探究不同秸秆层的植物光合速率、色素含量、营养状况以及受胁迫等情况，以期更准确的反应出各处理的改良效果及植被恢复情况。研究结果表明：（1）秸秆层有助于提升灌区次生盐碱地速生杨的光谱与光合等生理状况。B、M和B+M均能显著提升速生杨叶片的最大净光合速率与饱和光强，其中，B和B+M还能够明显降低速生杨叶片的光补偿点和暗呼吸速率，M则不能。B和B+M均显著提高速生杨叶片的净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度等光合参数。另外，B+M的速生杨叶片光合色素含量最高，营养状况最好，其他光谱参数结果与CK相比都有显著提高。处理B和M也可以显著提高速生杨叶片光合色素含量和营养状况，但效果均不如B+M。（2）B与B+M均能降低不同时期的土壤盐分含量，但B+M在不同时期提高土壤含水量的效果均高于B。M也能降低土壤盐分和提升土壤含水量，但不同时期的效果均不如处理B+M。综合试验结果，在引黄灌区次生盐碱地，不同秸秆层均能不同程度的调节土壤水盐变化，缓解水盐胁迫，提升速生杨光合与光谱特性，其中B+M作为秸秆层效果最佳。 Abstract:Soil secondary salinization an escalating problem worldwide, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. Plants growing in salt-affected soils may suffer from physiological drought stress, ion toxicity, and mineral deficiency that lead to reduced growth and biomass. At present, in the study of secondary salinization soil amelioration, more attention is focused on the influence of soil salt ions, and soil physical and chemical properties than on the evaluation of amelioration and vegetation restoration. However, this assessment does not simultaneously consider the effects on the growth and physiological conditions of vegetation. Utilization of the straw layer in soil is a widely used and effective measure for soil salinity control. To study the response of the spectral reflectance and photosynthetic characteristics of fast-growing poplar (Populus) to different straw interlayers, a field experiment was conducted in the typical secondary salinized land of the northwestern salinized and ecologically fragile area of Ningxia. The experiment was established with four treatments: straw interlayer (B), straw mulching (M), straw interlayer plus straw mulching (B+M), and no addition of straw interlayer (CK). All treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with four blocks. Based on the change of soil salt and water in the background, the response of the straw layer was studied by analyzing the spectrum and photosynthetic characteristics of the fast-growing poplar. The photosynthetic rate, pigment content, nutritional status, and stress of the above-ground plants under different straw layer conditions were measured to more accurately reflect the effect of each treatment on saline soil improvement and above-ground vegetation restoration. It is of great significance to further study the physiological indexes, such as reflectance spectra and photosynthetic characteristics of plants. The results showed that: (1) different straw layers had different effects on water and salt regulation, resulting in different soil conditions among different treatments, which caused changes in pigment content, nutritional status, and physiological and biochemical conditions of the plants; (2) by detecting the plant reflection spectrum and photosynthetic characteristics, changes in plant growth and physiological conditions could be reflected. Based on this, we could use the reflectance spectrum and photosynthetic characteristics of fast-growing poplar to respond to different straw layers and more accurately assess improvement measures. The maximum net photosynthetic rate and saturation light intensity of B, M, and B+M treatment were significantly increased, and the B and B+M treatment light compensation points and dark respiration rates were significantly reduced. B and B+M treatment significantly increased the leaf photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), stomata conductance (Gs), and intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci). The spectral reflectance of plant leaves, chlorophyll content of the B+M treatment was highest, and photosynthetic and nutrition performed best. Compared with that of the control group, other spectral reflectance indices significantly improved. The B and M treatments also significantly improved chlorophyll content and photosynthetic characteristics, but were less effective than B+M; (3) the experimental study showed that the reflectance spectrum and photosynthetic characteristics of fast-growing poplar responded differently to different straw layers. The straw layer helped to improve the physiological condition of fast-growing poplar. Based on the results of comprehensive reflection spectrum and photosynthetic characteristics, B+M was the most suitable straw layer model for the improvement of secondary saline-alkaline land in the Northwest Yellow River irrigation area. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献