パッシブ気候図の作成とパッシブデザインへの活用

Abstract

Introduction: Understanding the regional climate is an important part of architectural design. It contributes to make the concept of passive design that enables effective use of natural energy. It is especially necessary for the early stage of the design. It is essential from the viewpoint of the environmental concerns and the energy saving. Based on the expression of Victor Olgyay, this attempt to indicate characteristics of the climate in a contour line map was made by Dr. KODAMA and Dr. HOYANO in 1983. Moreover, the effectiveness of this method has been verified. However, two issues are raised when applying this method to use: 1) Libraries for drawing contour map are not opened generally. 2) At the time, available weather data were 22 points. Now, technique advances and weather data are likewise increasing. A major goal of research to make use of passive climate charts by passive design. This paper presents the passive design methods used by means of new passive climate chart in JAPAN. Methods and results of a study: 1) According to the survey, one of the similar example is ‘CLIMATE CONSULTANT’. However, it is difficult to quantitatively estimate the extent of the figure. In the passive design, the indicated ranges of data are important, too. 2) Drawing method and the validity of the weather data is confirmed and the passive climate chart is made. To use the GMT for drawing. GMT is open to the public and maintenance continues, and the interpolation processing is also excellent. EA weather data have 842 points of Japanese data, the missing value is interpolated. It was established that a weather data is suitable. 3) In order to utilize the passive climate chart for passive design, it is necessary to understand the characteristic of the regional climate. Therefore, 842 points passive climatic chart were classified by the characteristics of the climate. Fig. 8 shows types of passive climate chart. 4) In order to investigate with passive design methods, it is necessary to clarify the relations of climate element and design methods. Table. 1 shows type of passive design methods. Table. 2 shows the relationship between the passive climate chart and passive design methods. In particular, black circle and square of Table. 2 are effective items of passive design methods. Discussion: It is examined that the relationship between the passive climate chart and passive design method. Fig 9-Fig. 12 shows passive climate map of HACHIOJI and UOZU. The difference in passive design methods is confirmed by the same area of heating degree day, radiation of the heating period and annual. Conclusion: By using passive climate chart, the annual weather tendency is evaluated enough. It is clarified that the relationship between the passive climate chart and passive design method. The results of this study reveal that the passive climate chart is useful for passive design.