Abstract
Aplyronine A 1 is a potent antitumor macrolide isolated from the sea hare Aplysia kurodai. Aplyronine A interacts with actin, one of the major proteins in cytoskeleton. We achieved total synthesis of aplyronine A and its 18 analogs and investigated structure-activity relationships. Analysis of the interaction of aplyronine analogs with actin by a photoaffinity labeling method and X-ray crystal structure analysis of actin complex with aplyronine A have been carried out. These results revealed that aplyronine A binds to actin at the hydrophobic cleft between subdomains 1 and 3 of actin. The binding mode of the macrolactone part of aplyronine A was different from previously reported macrolides. In addition, the trimethylserine moiety of aplyronine A, the essential functional group for cytotoxicity against HeLa S3 cells, was sticking out from a surface of actin-aplyro-nine A complex.
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