Myxomycetes on Palm Trees: Species on &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Attalea speciosa&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; Mart. ex Spreng

Marcia Percília Moura Parente,Laise De Holanda Cavalcanti

doi:10.4236/aim.2013.38a004

Abstract

Attalea speciosa Mart. ex Spreng (baba?u) is a palm tree of considerable economic importance in Brazil, especially in the northeast portion of the country. The myxobiota of baba?u was studied by examining living and dead trunks, leaves, inflorescences and fallen fruits on the ground during the wet season at the Teresina Park, Piauí State, Brazil. Taxonomic diversity, species diversity, frequency of occurrence, abundance and constancy of each species were determined in two areas of deciduous mixed forest. The taxonomic diversity of the myxobiota was similar, with values of 1.5 and 1.6 for the two areas. The highest frequency of occurrence value was recorded for the spathe (50% -54%), followed by the petiole (18% -19%) and leaf sheath (4% -19%). Myxomycetes were absent on fallen fruits and rare on the leaf blade (6%) and dead (9%) or living (2%) trunks. Hemitrichia serpula (Scop.) Rostaf. ex Lister, Perichaena depressa Lib., Arcyria cinerea (Bull.) Pers. and H. calyculata (Speg.) M. L. Farr were the species characterized by the highest levels of constancy, abundance and frequency. Cribraria microcarpa (Schrad.) Pers. and Stemonitopsis typhina (F. H. Wigg.) Nann.-Bremek. were occasionally present. Ceratiomyxa fruticulosa (Mull.) T. Macbr., Clastoderma debaryanum A. Blytt, Craterium aureum (Schumach.) Rostaf. and Physarum melleum (Berk. & Broome) Massee were infrequently encountered. Other species recorded were Arcyria denudata (L.) Wettst., Cribraria cancellata (Batsch.) Nann.-Bremek., C. violacea Rex, Lycogala exiguum Morgan, Metatrichia vesparia (Batsch) Nann.-Bremek. ex G. W. Martin, Physarum bogoriense Racib., P. nucleatum Rex, P. pusillum (Berk. & M. A. Curtis) G. Lister and Stemonitis axifera (Bull.) T. Macbr. The myxobiota of the shaded study area was characterized by a higher diversity (6.10) than the unshaded area (2.10), and the incidence of myxomycetes on the A. speciosa trees selected for study was appreciably higher (100% and 40%, respectively).

Highlights

Attalea speciosa Mart. ex Spreng. is a palm tree of considerable economic importance in Brazil, especially in the northeast portion of the country
Eighty-one specimens of myxomycetes, representing 18 species in 12 genera, were collected directly in the field from 100% of the babaçu trees selected for study in the shaded area, whereas only 17 specimens representing eight species in five genera were collected from 40% of the trees selected for study in the unshaded area
The values calculated for taxonomic diversity (1.5 1.6) were similar to those reported for different ecosystems located in the northeastern region of Brazil [5]

Summary

Introduction

Attalea speciosa Mart. ex Spreng. (babaçu) is a palm tree of considerable economic importance in Brazil, especially in the northeast portion of the country. For the babaçu trees examined in the shaded area of the deciduous mixed forest, there was a higher occurrence of myxomycetes on the spathe than elsewhere, sporocarps could be found on the petiole, trunk (living and dead), leaf blade, raceme, and sheath.

Results

Conclusion