Myopic Progression in Girls with Gonadotrophin-Releasing Hormone Agonist Treatment for Central Precocious Puberty.

Seung Ah Chung,Hae Sang Lee,Jin Soon Hwang,Seung Woo Kim

doi:10.3390/children8030171

Abstract

We sought to determine whether the myopic progression of patients with central precocious puberty (CPP) who were undergoing treatment differed from that of their healthy peers with normal pubertal onset and progression. Eighteen girls with CPP and 14 age-matched controls who underwent regular ophthalmic examinations for at least 1 year were included. All the CPP patients received a 3.75 mg leuprolide acetate depot subcutaneously every 28 days. The spherical equivalent (SE) and axial length (AL) for myopia progression and the pubertal parameters (height, body weight, body mass index, Tanner stage, and bone age) were compared between the two groups. Of 32 subjects with a mean age of 8.6 ± 0.7 years, the SEs and ALs did not differ at baseline between the two groups, which had similar weight and similar body mass index. After 1 year, both the CPP patients and controls showed myopic progression, with an average myopic shift of −0.73 ± 0.48 diopters (D) and AL elongation with a mean change of 0.44 ± 0.61 mm. The SE and AL changes over 1 year were greater in the controls than those in the CPP patients, which was not statistically significant (–0.85 ± 0.55 D vs. –0.64 ± 0.41 D and 0.55 ± 0.89 mm vs. 0.35 ± 0.22 mm, respectively). The change in AL correlated significantly with the change in the height (β = 0.691, p = 0.039). In this 1-year study, the CPP patients with treatments trended to show less myopic progression than the controls.

Highlights

Myopia is the most common ocular disorder, with increasing prevalence in recent decades, predominantly in East Asia [1]
The patients with central precocious puberty (CPP) who were at the risk of myopic progression showed a similar myopic progression after receiving Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRHas) treatment for 1 year compared with the normal controls
We found that there was a trend of less myopic progression in the CPP patients with treatments than controls, and for the CPP patients, the annual change in axial length (AL) was positively correlated with the annual change in the height

Summary

Introduction

Myopia is the most common ocular disorder, with increasing prevalence in recent decades, predominantly in East Asia [1]. Using data from the Korean National Survey, Lyu et al [4] reported that a younger age at menarche was associated with an increased risk of severe myopia They suggested an increase in female sex hormones, such as estrogen, or growth spurts during puberty may be associated with the severity of myopia. The population-based Generation R cohort study in Copenhagen found an association between body height or pubertal maturation and subfoveal choroidal thickness, which is known as a biometric parameter of myopic progression [5]. These studies suggested that puberty may affect the progression of myopia

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