Abstract
Objective: To evaluate whether myo-inositol supplementation may reduce gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) rate in overweight women.Methods: In an open-label, randomized trial, myo-inositol (2 g plus 200 μg folic acid twice a day) or placebo (200 μg folic acid twice a day) was administered from the first trimester to delivery in pregnant overweight non-obese women (pre-pregnancy body mass index ≥ 25 and < 30 kg/m2). The primary outcome was the incidence of GDM.Results: From January 2012 to December 2014, 220 pregnant women were randomized at two Italian University hospitals, 110 to myo-inositol and 110 to placebo. The incidence of GDM was significantly lower in the myo-inositol group compared to the placebo group (11.6% versus 27.4%, respectively, p = 0.004). Myo-inositol treatment was associated with a 67% risk reduction of developing GDM (OR 0.33; 95% CI 0.15–0.70).Conclusions: Myo-inositol supplementation, administered since early pregnancy, reduces GDM incidence in overweight non-obese women.
Highlights
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as carbohydrate intolerance that begins or is first recognized during pregnancy [1]
After adjustment for confounding factors such as: maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, weight increase at oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), parity and family history for type 2 DM, only myo-inositol treatment was associated with a significant reduction of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) development risk [odds ratios (ORs) 0.33]
This study shows that myo-inositol intake, since early stages of pregnancy, in overweight women reduces the incidence of GDM, confirming the positive effect of this molecule already highlighted in previous reports [5,6]
Summary
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as carbohydrate intolerance that begins or is first recognized during pregnancy [1]. From the beginning of 2010, after the publication of the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes (HAPO) study results [2], we follow the recommendations of the International Association of Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Group (IADPSG) [3] later modified in 2011 by American Diabetes Association (ADA) [4]. These new criteria increased the number of GDM diagnoses to more than double [5,6], especially in women at risk. Myo-inositol is on the market as a
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