Myoferline gene mutation associated with recurrent angioedema.

Abstract

Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare genetically determined disease characterized by the recurrent angioedema of various localizations with no response to systemic glucocorticosteroids, antihistamines.
 In the majority of HAE cases C1-inhibitor level or its functional activity is decreased due to a mutation in the SERPING1 gene. In recent years, the expansion of genetic diagnostic recourses significantly changed the understanding of the pathogenesis of HAE without of C1-inhibitor deficiency with previously unknown mutations. Currently mutations in six different genes have been identified as causing HAE: factor XII (F12), plasminogen (PLG), angiopoietin 1 (ANGPT1), Kininogen 1 (KNG1), Myoferlin (MYOF), and heparan sulfate (HS)-glucosamine 3-O-sulfotransferase 6 (HS3ST6). Moreover, the last 3 of them are referred to a separate phenotype intrinsic endothelial dysfunction.
 In 2020 a series of clinical cases in patients with MYOF gene mutation in an Italian family were published. This type is exceptionally rare -only 3 female relatives from the same family are described.
 This article presents a review of the actual international literature and describes the first clinical case of a male patient with a mutation in the myoferlin gene confirmed by genetic testing.