Myocardial infarction as an uncommon clinical manifestation of intravascular large cell lymphoma

Abstract

Intravascular large cell lymphoma (IVL) is a very rare variant of non-Hodgkin`s lymphoma presenting with puzzling clinical manifestations.There is a predilection for the central nervous system, but the tumour often affects also skin, lung, and kidneys while lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly are usually absent. Myocardial infarction due to IVL has not been reported so far.We here report on a 56-year-old patient who was admitted to our hospital with fever and clinical signs of erysipelas. He had a 6-month history of “collagen vasculitic disease” treated with prednisolon and azathioprin. He received antibiotic treatment, but after transient improvement fever recurred with generalized seizures and myocardial infarction, which required transfer to the intensive care unit where the patient died with signs of an acute cardiogenic shock. Autopsy revealed a generalized highgrade B cell lymphoma of IVL type affecting and obstructing small vessels of a variety of tissues including heart, brain and lungs.The tumorous obliteration of small intramyocardial vessels had led to an acute ischaemia with infarction and subsequent signs of myocardial insufficiency.To the best of the authors’ knowledge myocardial infarction as a leading symptom of IVL has not been described.