Abstract
Through a previously implanted catheter, normothermic normal saline solution was infused into the pericardial sacs of dogs. Sufficient pericardial tamponade was induced to lower the arterial pressure from an average control of 160/112 mm. Hg to an average of 97/69. Tamponade was maintained for 6 hours during constant monitoring of arterial, central venous, and pericardial pressures. During the 72 hours following tamponade, serial determinations of serum creatine phosphokinase, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, and lactic dehydrogenase were made. At 72 hours the animals were sacrificed and their hearts studied for gross and microscopical myocardial pathology. All experimental animals showed striking enzyme elevations, and 6 of 10 had visible myocardial necrosis. Correlation between elevations of serum CPK and central venous and pericardial pressures with the degree of myocardial necrosis was significant at the p < 0.005, < 0.009, and < 0.013 levels, respectively. Prolonged pericardial tamponade may result in significant myocardial necrosis, which suggests coronary artery insufficiency and myocardial hypoxia as a cause.
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