MYOCARDIAL BIOPSY IN GENERAL CARE CLINIC: PATIENTS SELECTION, THE RESULTS, SIGNIFICANCE FOR TREATMENT STRATEGY

Abstract

Aim. To analyze the results of first 50 endomyocardial biopsies (EMB) in general care clinic, to clarify the selection criteria and procedure role in management decision in patients with various noncoronarogenic diseases of myocardium. Material and methods. Totally 50 patients included, who had been underwent EMB during 2007-2014 (31 men, mean age 44,3±13,5). Investigation included the level of anticardiac antibodies (n=49), DNA of herpes group viruses and parvovirus B19 by PCR in blood (n=40) and myocardium (n=49), scintigraphy of myocardium (n=20), MDCT (n=21), MRI (n=17), coronary arteriography (n=22), genetician consultation (n=15). EMB of the right ventricle was done using biopsy forceps STANDARD 5.5 F 104 FEMORAL (Cordis). The materials were coloured with hematoxyline-eosine, picrofucsine by Van Hison, Schiff reactives, Pearls, red congo. The study was approved by the Ethics Comitteeof FMSMU. Results. Indications for EMB were set for 3 groups of patients: 1. With dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMP) as a syndrome, including the probability of acute/ subacute myocarditis (n=7), allergic myocarditis (n=1), myocarditis with myocardial infarction (n=1), vasculitis (n=3), possible myocarditis in long-lasting course of DCMP (n=9), in patients with non-compact myocardium, myodystrophy of Emeri-Dreyfus and possible arrhythmogenic dysplasia of the right ventricle (n=7). 2. With "idiopathic" rhythm and conduction disorders (n=18), including high probability of myocarditis (n=13), vasculitis (n=2), necessity for differentiation of myocarditis and genetic cardiomyopathies (n=3). 3. With the syndrome of primary myocardial hypertrophy (n=3). EMB was informative in all patients, myocarditis found in 82,6%. Conclusion. The criteria for high diagnostic value of EMB is nosological way of selection. In addition to current scenarios it is aimfull to perform EMB if clinically significant ischemia with non-changed coronary arteries, with suspected myocarditis in patients with genetic cardiomyopathies, inborn defects, CHD and other established heart diseases. The EMB results define the tactics of medication and surgical treatment.