MYKOLA DILETSKY’S “MUSICAL GRAMMAR” IN THE CONTEXT OF ENLIGHTENMENTAL TRENDS OF THE 17TH CENTURY

Abstract

Western European civilization of the XVII century is marked by the active initiation of educational projects, which against the background of numerous religious conflicts contributed to the understanding and establishment of a new system of international relations. In particular, thanks to the signing of the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648, Roman Catholic Christianity and the Protestant churches were equal in rights. At the same time, the national liberation war began in Ukraine under the leadership of Bohdan Khmelnytsky, and in the Moscow principality, on the initiative of Patriarch Nikon, the liturgical reform of the Orthodox rite intensified. All these changes had a religious context and were based on important socio-cultural and educational reforms – printing houses were established, where spiritual polemical literature and church books were printed, music chapels were organized, schools were opened, and so on. In Ukraine, in particular, party polyphony is spreading and universal primary music education is being established, which has contributed to raising the level of musical education of Ukrainians. At this time, talented Ukrainians study at Kyiv-Mohyla or Vilnius Academy, which was famous for its high level of education. Thus, the activity of the Ukrainian composer and theorist, author of the first national music-theoretical treatise “Musical Grammar” – Mykola Diletsky began with Vilna. He became one of a large cohort of educated Ukrainians – theologians, philosophers, writers and musicians, whose efforts were aimed at reforming the liturgical rite of the Moscow principality. For this purpose, he wrote “Grammar of Music” in Vilnius – the result of conscious pedagogical work aimed at spreading polyphonic singing to the East – through Smolensk to Moscow and St. Petersburg. As a result, M. Diletsky’s activity outside Ukraine fully corresponded to the educational tendencies of that time, however, the name of our talented compatriot is still assigned in Russian scientific circles. Therefore, the priority task of Ukrainian musicological thought continues to be the coverage of the activity and popularization of the composer's work of Mykola Diletsky, who actively worked in line with the European educational tendencies of the 17th century.