Abstract
Myiasis is the lesion resulting from the parasitism of diptera larval form in the living tissues of vertebrate animals. These are bloody conditions, causing severe damage to the welfare and the health of humans and animals. In Brazil, Cochliomyia hominivorax is the main responsible species for causing myiasis in humans and animals. The conventional treatment of these lesions in animals massively uses chemosynthetic products. The irrational use of these molecules has led to environmental degradation and has affected human health. The standard treatment of human myiasis is based only on larvae removal, surgically or not, supported by the use of antiparasitic drugs. Human myiasis is an important zoonosis, given its close relation with animal myiasis. However, this zoonosis has currently been neglected in Brazil and other developing countries in America. The One Health approach makes it possible to realize that the occurrence of myiasis in humans is directly related to the maintenance of stocks of this diptera in nature. Recognizing the direct relation that domestic and wild animals have as reservoirs in the human myiasis cycle is essential, in order to formulate strategies to control this ancient and important disease that still affects the population in Brazil.
Highlights
Myiasis is the lesion resulting from infestation by larvae of dipterans that parasitize and destroy the tissues of vertebrate hosts
The One Health approach makes it possible to realize that the occurrence of myiasis in humans is directly related to the maintenance of stocks of this diptera in nature
Recognizing the direct relation that domestic and wild animals have as reservoirs in the human myiasis cycle is essential, in order to formulate strategies to control this ancient and important disease that still affects the population in Brazil
Summary
Myiasis is the lesion resulting from infestation by larvae of dipterans that parasitize and destroy the tissues of vertebrate hosts. In Brazil, myiasis with the highest occurrence and relevance is caused by the fly Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel, 1858), classified as obligatory myiasis This fly is the main cause of primary myiasis in both animals and humans in the country [4] [5] [6]. The evolution of widespread parasitic drug resistance in the parasite population makes a medication ineffective and inefficient, reducing its ability to treat diseases in a short time. This is especially problematic in case of only one or a few medications being effective against a specific parasite [10]. The One Health concept provides an integrated framework for observing and improving health problems involving human, animal and environmental factors [11], and it can be applied, in particular, to issues related to zoonotic diseases such as myiasis
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