Abstract
Myeloperoxidase: New Roles for an Old MoleculeMyeloperoxidase (MPO) is a member of the heme peroxidase-cyclooxygenase superfamily. It is abundantly expressed in neutrophils and monocytes. During inflammation MPO is released from leukocytes and catalyzes the formation of several reactive species and tissue damage. In this article we present state of the art knowledge on the general properties, biosynthesis and processing and trafficking of MPO. The basic functions of MPO in inflammation and oxidative stress are discussed in detail. This article also summarizes the studies that investigated the relationship between MPO and cardiovascular disease. An overview of the assays for determination of MPO, the sample type and preanalytical procedures is given. Future studies are needed before this marker is introduced into routine clinical practice.
Highlights
Myeloperoxidase (MPO, donor, hydrogen peroxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.11.1.7) belongs to the family of mammalian peroxidases, which includes lactoperoxidase, eosinophil peroxidase, and thyroid peroxidase
In this article we present state of the art knowledge on the general properties, biosynthesis and processing and trafficking of MPO
MPO is one of the most abundant proteins (5%) in human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) and to a lesser extent it is related to monocytes and tissue macrophages [2, 3]
Summary
Myeloperoxidase (MPO, donor, hydrogen peroxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.11.1.7) belongs to the family of mammalian peroxidases, which includes lactoperoxidase, eosinophil peroxidase, and thyroid peroxidase. Literature data shows that elevated serum MPO levels independently predicted future risk of CAD (nonfatal acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or hospitalization) in apparently healthy individuals during an 8-year follow-up [26]. Brennan et al analyzed 604 plasma samples drawn from patients with chest pain but no increase in cardiac troponin T levels, and the predictive power of MPO was not related to traditional risk factors and CRP [28].
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