Abstract
The purpose of this review is to provide an historical perspective on studies of serum derived antimyelin antibodies. Antimyelin antibodies can be defined by their action on myelinating organotypic nervous system tissue cultures and include demyelinating antibodies, which have destructive effects on myelin when applied to already myelinated cultures, and myelination inhibiting antibodies, which prevent myelin formation when applied to cultures prior to myelination. Myelin antigens were evaluated in animal studies for their ability to induce experimental allergic encephalomyelitis, an inflammatory demyelinating disease, and correlated with the induction of antimyelin antibodies. As tissue culture demyelinating activity was also found in sera from some patients with multiple sclerosis, a human inflammatory demyelinating disease, studies were undertaken to characterize the nature of the demyelinating factors.
Highlights
IntroductionOver half a century ago, Bornstein and Appel [1] found that sera from rabbits with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) induced by inoculation with whole central nervous system (CNS)
Over half a century ago, Bornstein and Appel [1] found that sera from rabbits with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) induced by inoculation with whole central nervous system (CNS)tissue and Freund’s complete adjuvant (FCA) demyelinated rat organotypic cerebellar cultures.The sera were applied directly as a component of the culture nutrient medium
Since myelin basic protein (MBP) appeared to be localized in the major dense line of CNS myelin [29] and not available at the surface of the myelin sheaths, it was of interest to determine the capability of antimyelin antibody induction by myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), a minor component of CNS myelin that did not induce EAE, but was localized at the myelin membrane surface [30,31]
Summary
Over half a century ago, Bornstein and Appel [1] found that sera from rabbits with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) induced by inoculation with whole central nervous system (CNS). Remyelination of the cerebellar cultures followed replacement of the sera from animals with EAE induced by inoculation with whole CNS (anti-CNS sera) with normal nutrient medium. Investigate which myelin components responsible forofthe induction of antimyelin antibodies, and whether or not the description induction ofof these antibodies correlated induction. Reported finding similar in sera from 68% of human subjects with active multiple sclerosis (MS), the most common of the demyelinating activity in sera from. Most normal human sera did not demyelinate CNS cultures These results suggested that humoral removal of the antibodies, patient sera.might. These results of factors, possibly have ahuman pathogenetic in MS and led to cultures.
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