Mycorrhizal preparations and their symbiosis with soft winter wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.)

Abstract

Purpose. Determine the effect of pre-sowing application of vesicular-arbosolicular mycorrhizal and bacterial preparations on soft winter wheat seeds on morphological peculiarities of plants (height, gabitium), formation of generative organs and yield.Methods. Field, laboratory, and statistical. Results. For the use of mycorrhiza drugs, positive results have been obtained regarding their effects on the growth and development of plants and the formation of the winter wheat crop. In particular, the area of the leaf surface in variants with preparations of Mycoprod and Florobacillin for the account of 30, 60, 90 and 120 days of vegetation was 1,5–10,9 % higher compared with the control. Similarly, the mass of leaves and root system dominated the control indicators by 3,7–29,6 % respectively. The height of plants in these accounting periods was 5,6–15,4 %, the number of productive stems was 0,6–1,3 %, and the number in the ear was 5,9–7,9 % higher than in the control. In addition, in these variants the moisture-retaining capacity of the soil increased by 2–8 %, the proportion of lumps of soil larger than 1 mm diminished by 2,5–4,9 %, the damage of plants by root rot was reduced by 1,4–2,6 %, flour with dew 0,3–0,6 %, brown rust on 0,9–1,9 % compared to control. The yield of soft winter wheat in variants with mycorrhiza drugs was 0,32–0,85 t/ha higher than in the control. At the same time, it should be determined that the use of VAM by Miocofrend for its pre-treatment treatment with seeds of this culture provides better efficiency in the effects on plant growth and development and plant productivity.Conclusions. The use of mycorrhiza drugs Micoprand and Florobacillin for preplant application to seeds helps to improve the growth and development of soft wheat plants and increase their productivity.