Abstract
One of the ways to deal with water deficit stress is to use mycorrhizal fungi with a growth promoting bacteria. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the of mycorrhiza (Glomus mosseae) and growth promoting bacteria (Azospirillum) under water deficit stress on grain yield, essential oil and some physiological characteristics of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill) in crop season of 2020 in two landrace of Shiraz, Fars province, Iran. The experimental design was a randomize complete block with a factorial split-plot arrangement with three replicates. The main plots were: water deficit stress in three levels of water deficit stress after consumption of 30 % soil moisture (control), water deficit stress after consumption of 60 % soil moisture and water deficit stress after consumption of 90 % soil moisture and mycorrhizal fungi, Glomus mosseae in two levels of inoculation and inoculation with fungi and other sub-factors included Azospirillum growth-promoting bacteria at both non-inoculation and bacterial seed inoculation levels. The results showed that inoculation of mycorrhizal fungi Glomus mosseae and growth-promoting bacteria Azospirillum could have a significant effect on grain yield, biological yield, essential oil yield, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll in both landrace and improved the effects of water deficit stress. The highest yield, total chlorophyll and carotenoids in both places belonged to water deficit stress treatment after consuming of 30 % moisture in inoculation with fungi and growth-promoting bacteria. Since mycorrhizal fungi and growth-promoting bacteria reduced the negative effects of water deficit stress and increased yield and other traits, interaction of mycorrhizal fungi and growth-promoting bacteria in non-stress and mild stress conditions is recommended in similar climate conditions.
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