Abstract
The prudent microbiologist still relies on the recovery of mycobacteria on solid media for the determination of the presence of infection due to these organisms. In recent years there have been a number of developments which augment the acid fast slain and conventional culture on egg based or defined mycobacterial media. The advent of radiometric culture methodology (Baciec™) and of probes for species or genus specific ribosomal RNA (eg Geneprobe™) offer the opportunity for accelerated detection, speciation and even antibiotic susceptibility. The methods are expensive and may invoke a greater demand on labor than can be spared, especially in laboratories processing fewer than 250() specimens per annum. Newer methods involving the polymerase chain reaction may provide very rapid diagnosis but are likely to be some years away as there are great problems of contamination control yet to be solved. In the meantime ihe new DNA technology requires to be harnessed to studying the epidemiology of these infections as this will lead to new insights into their control
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