Mycelial Growth, Biomass Production and Iron Uptake by Mushrooms of Pleurotus species Cultivated on Urochloa decumbens (Stapf) R. D. Webster

Olusola Clement Ogidi,Mateus Dias Nunes,Bamidele Juliet Akinyele,Victor Olusegun Oyetayo,Maria Catarina Megumi Kasuya

doi:10.5539/jfr.v5n3p13

Olusola Clement Ogidi, Mateus Dias Nunes + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v5n3p13

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Abstract

Mushrooms absorb minerals and are able to accumulate them as functional organic compounds during growth. Iron is one of the elements required for various metabolic processes but low intake has resulted to some nutritional deficiencies. This study investigated the effect of different iron concentrations in the culture media on mycelial growth, biomass production, hyphae diameter and distance between septa of six species of Pleurotus, namely Pleurotus ostreatus; Pleurotus cornucopiae; Pleurotus djamor; Pleurotus pulmonarius, and Pleurotus djamor v. roseus. These macrofungi were further grown on substrate based Urochloa decumbens with addition of Fe (0, 500 and 1000 mg Kg-1). The mycelial growth rate and biomass produced by Pleurotus species decreased (P&lt;0.05) as iron concentration increased from (0 - 100) mg L-1. This shows an inhibitory interaction between the fungi and iron at higher concentration. The hyphae diameter and distance between septa of the examined fungi were respectively ranged from 45 µm to 80 µm and 40 µm to 119 µm at iron concentration of (0 -100) mg L-1. The estimated iron uptake in cultivated Pleurotus species ranged from 37.8 µg g-1 to 96.6 µg g-1 when 500 mg Kg-1 and 1000 mg Kg-1 of Fe was added to the substrate. The cultivation of edible macrofungi enriched with iron could improve the socio economic status and play a nutritional role in decreasing anemia.

Highlights

Iron is an essential element that is involved in synthesis of many important cell components such as adenine tri-phosphate (ATP), transport of oxygen, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and electron transport (Abbaspour et al, 2014)
This study investigated the effect of different iron concentrations in the culture media on mycelial growth, biomass production, hyphae diameter and distance between septa of six species of Pleurotus, namely Pleurotus ostreatus; Pleurotus cornucopiae; Pleurotus djamor; Pleurotus pulmonarius, and Pleurotus djamor v. roseus
Iron is a component of hemoglobin and myoglobin but when it is low in supply, it leads to nutritional deficiency called iron deficiency anemia (IDA)

Summary

Introduction

Iron is an essential element that is involved in synthesis of many important cell components such as adenine tri-phosphate (ATP), transport of oxygen, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and electron transport (Abbaspour et al, 2014). Iron is a component of hemoglobin and myoglobin but when it is low in supply, it leads to nutritional deficiency called iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Iron deficiency anemia has been one of the major public health problems in under developing and developing countries, among pregnant women, nursing mothers and the newborn babies (Kassebaum et al, 2014). Most of the microbes have developed various regulated system for iron uptake, utilization and storage (Haas, 2004) but some food crops show low absorption capability for iron. The diminishing quantity of iron in food has tremendously contributed to the increase in malnutrition (Zhang et al, 2015), which require a reliable and alternative source of iron supply in foods to enhance the promotion of good health

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