Abstract

Abstract The Protestant Reformation of the sixteenth century led to a rediscovery of the original Hebrew text of Psalm 91, and a new appreciation of the work and its power. Martin Luther loved the work. Protestant readers also rediscovered the plague emphasis that had been lost in the Vulgate translation. Catholic readers continued to read older versions, referring to the text as Psalm 90 rather than 91. Both sides made extensive use of Psalm 91 during the religious wars of the period, each portraying their enemies as evil forces to be trampled and suppressed. Catholics created some spectacular visual depictions of the Psalm. Protestants meanwhile used it as the basis for major musical compositions. Catholics found the psalm very valuable in their global missions, to justify conquering and ruling pagan peoples overseas.

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