Abstract
Top-down synthesis is the most widely used method for the preparation of MXene nanomaterials via the selective etching of Al atoms from bulk MAX: Ti 3 AlC 2 materials (such as Ti 3 AlC 2 ) using hydrofluoric acid (HF). Because the Ti–Al bonds are weaker than the Ti–C bonds in the MAX structure, Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene nanosheets can be prepared by the selective etching of the Al layer of the MAX precursor using a mixture of HCl and LiF, which gives in situ HF, followed by weak ultrasonication and centrifugation. MXene nanosheets can be processed by vacuum filtration, spray coating, and spin coating to prepare films. Currently, vacuum-assisted filtration is the most common and effective method for 2D membrane production. The MXene membranes are prepared by the vacuum-assisted filtration of a certain amount of MXene solution on anodic alumina discs with a pore size of 0.2 μm and a diameter of 35 mm.
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