MXene-based biosensors for selective detection of pathogenic viruses and bacteria

Abstract

The design of advanced MXene-based biosensors with high sensitivity and selectivity can revolutionize the manufacturing industry of biosensors for early detection of biomarkers in molecular and clinical diagnostics, monitoring disease progression, and drug discovery. MXenes are a class of two-dimensional materials with interesting properties such as good biocompatibility, ideal mechanical features, good thermal and mechanical conductivities, large surface area, high transmittance ability, enhanced chemical stability, hydrophilicity, wear resistance, and high stability in oxygen free and dry environments. MXene-based biosensors have been developed for the detection of pathogenic viruses and bacteria. Their capabilities to detect pathogenic viruses and bacteria with high sensitivity and accuracy, inactivate viruses/bacteria, and immobilize a large number of biomolecules make them an attractive option for developing biosensors and other diagnostic tools. Herein, the current state-of-the-art advancements in the use of MXene-based biosensors for the specific detection of pathogenic viruses and bacteria, as well as their developmental challenges and future perspectives are deliberated. Undoubtedly, the unique properties of MXenes make them ideal for immobilizing biomolecules and detecting target analytes. Ongoing research is focused on optimizing the performance of MXene-based biosensors and expanding their applications to other areas of biosensing.