Abstract
Base oxidation occurs in the cellular nucleotide pool as well as in DNA, and the oxidized DNA precursors induce mutagenic events. 8-Hydroxy-dGTP (8-OH-dGTP) and 2-hydroxy-dATP (2-OH-dATP) have been identified as the major products of in vitro oxidation reactions with Fe2+. The mutagenic potentials of many oxidized DNA precursors have been examined in various experimental systems. Accumulating evidence indicates the importance of 8-OH-dGTP and 2-OH-dATP in the mutation process. In addition, nucleotide pool sanitization enzymes, such as MutT and MTH1, have been identified as a defense against the mutagenesis induced by these oxidized DNA precursors. In this review, the mutagenicities of 8-OH-dGTP and 2-OH-dATP and the functions of MutT-type nucleotide pool sanitization enzymes will be summarized.
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