Abstract
Basil species are highly sensitive to exterior environmental conditions and its consequences lead to great economic and agronomic losses. In this research, a mutation method was optimized out for creating a new variety of Ocimum basilicum L., which could tolerate the extreme/extraordinary climatic circumstances or biotic stresses, such as fungal diseases. Fast neutron irradiation was performed on the Hungarian commercial variety seeds with doses of 5 to 60 Gray and grown into fully developed plants. Numerous phenotypical changes like deformed congestion, leaf mutation, and low growth occurred, especially at higher dosages. Then to confirm whether the plantlets had mutation or not, and to detect the molecular variation and relationship, fingerprinting profiles of the developed mutant regenerants and donor plant have been assessed using ISSR markers. 115 loci were yielded, ranging from 0.2 to 1.5 kb, out of which 110 loci were polymorphic in nature, representing 95.6% polymorphism. The most suitable primer to determine the genetic diversity within the Ocimum species was the UBC-856 with 0.42 PIC and 4.1 MI values.
Highlights
Ocimum basilicum L. is one of the species which is used in food products, beverages, medicines, cosmetics as well as in perfumery
The Polymorphic information content (PIC) value for each locus was calculated as proposed by Roldan-Ruiz et al (2000); PICi = 2fi ∗ (1 − fi); where PICi is the PIC of the locus i, fi is the frequency of the amplified fragments, and (1 - fi) is the frequency of non-amplified fragments.The frequency was calculated as the ratio between the number of amplified bands at each locus and the total number of accessions
In case of Ocimum basilicum, the same or higher dosage of fast neutron irradiation is suitable for the new genetic variety establishment
Summary
Ocimum basilicum L. is one of the species which is used in food products, beverages, medicines, cosmetics as well as in perfumery. This species is widely grown through the Mediterranean region to the United States. More than 60 species are cultivated, which are annual, perennial, or shrubs, native to Asia, Africa and over the tropical regions of the world. The determination and differentiation of all varieties from each other is challenging because the basil crosspollinates and drawing boundaries between species are fairly difficult. Recent studies carried on the determination of the phylogeny of Ocimum L. genus (Pyne et al, 2018, Kumar et al, 2016)
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