Abstract
Atomic absorption spectrophotometer and gas chromatography analysis revealed the presence of heavy metals, organochlorine and organophosphate pesticides in industrial wastewater. XAD, Dichloromethane and n-Hexane extracted wastewater were analysed for genotoxic potential using Ames Salmonella/mammalian microsome test. The XAD concentrated sample displayed remarkable mutagenic activity compared to solvent assisted liquid–liquid extraction. Strain TA98 was found utmost sensitive towards all extracts. Wastewater induced chromosomal aberrations in roots of Allium cepa showed significant (p < 0.05) decrease in mitotic index. Seeds of Vigna radiata germinated on soft agar plates treated with different concentration of wastewater showed significant reduction in germination (52 %), seedling vigor index (76 %), radicle length (56 %), plumule length (47 %), biomass of radicle (64 %) and plumule (57%) at highest wastewater concentration. Propidium iodide stained V. radiata roots showed oxidative stress induced by wastewater under CLS microscopy. Further, genotoxicity of wastewater was confirmed by plasmid nicking assay using pBR322 plasmid.
Highlights
One of the leading causes of water pollution is the unchecked release of wastewater from various industries into water bodies and many other environments [1,2]
Atomic absorption spectrophotometric (AAS) analysis revealed the presence of numerous heavy metals i.e. Ni (0.45 mg LÀ1), Cu (0.13 mg LÀ1), Cr (1.91 mg LÀ1), Pb (1.17 mg LÀ1), Cd (0.02 mg LÀ1) and Zn (0.13 mg LÀ1), with concentration of Cd, Cr and Pb being pointedly higher than permissible limits as given by Unites States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA)
We have reported the existence of high concentrations of several metals in wastewater and contaminated soil [28,35]
Summary
One of the leading causes of water pollution is the unchecked release of wastewater from various industries into water bodies and many other environments [1,2]. The pesticide industry is counted as one of the key contributors of water contamination. Organochlorine (OC) and organophosphorus (OP) pesticides are most important contaminants released by pesticide industry around the world as well as in India [4,5]. Many findings displayed that even very low level of pesticides cause natal defects [6]. Numerous scientific endeavours in the area of genotoxicity of wastewater suggested direct association with mutagenicity of pollutants into water bodies [7,8]. Several industrial wastewater effluents and sludges has shown high mutagenic potential [9,10]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
