Mutagenesis of soybean var. Kipas Putih

Abstract

The low availability of superior soybean varieties that can adapt to Indonesia’s diverse environment and agroecosystem is the cause of low soybean production. On November 3, 1992, the Kipas Putih variety from Aceh was released as a National variety. This variety is not popular and does not meet the tempe industry criteria because the seed size is relatively small when compared to other superior varieties such as the Dega1, Biosoy, and Grobogan varieties. The Kipas Putih soybean variety weighs 12 g for 100 seeds an average dry weight production capacity of 1.69 tons ha-1, and a protein and fat content of 35% and 20.5%. To improve the quality of the Kipas Putih soybean variety, mutations carried out using gamma ray radiation at Patir Batan, Pasar Minggu – Jakarta. Research results from the mass selection process to the 8th generation (M8) produces several lines that weigh 100 grains between 14 - 18 g and a protein content of between 40 - 48%, which exceeds the characteristics of the Kipas Putih. The seed weight per plant of the M8 Kipas Putih soybean mutant line was higher than that of the Kipas Putih (parent) variety and the Dega1 variety. Most of the qualitative characters of the mutant lines were no different from their parent Kipas Putih variety. Most of the qualitative characters of the mutant lines were no different from their parents the Kipas Putih variety. This shows that mutation using gamma ray radiation can change quantitative characters such as the number of seeds per plant and the weight of 100 seeds.