Abstract
In Malaysia, Islam has the highest number of adherents followed by Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism and other religions. This different religious background sometimes causes misunderstanding and disagreement among multi-religious people. This study discusses Muslim religious practice and the response from non-Muslim in Malaysian inter-religious discourse, with the objectives of (1) identifying the meanings of Muslim practice disagreed by non-Muslim, and (2) analysing the factors that create the disagreement. The discussion of meaning is based on the language interpretation, either literal or figurative meanings while the analysis of factor of disagreement applies the pragmatic approach proposed by Crystal (1999). The data in the discussion relate to the four Muslim’s practices, namely azan, korban during Hari Raya Aidil Adha, hudud, and Zakir Naik’s talk. The data were the controversial religious issues from 2013 to 2016 taken from local newspapers and interviews with religious authorities. The discussion shows that the disagreement emerges due to the practice are interpreted as insensitive and ignorance about others. The result also shows that there are political and media factors behind the disagreement. The findings reveal that tolerance and mutual understanding among people from different religions are crucial in empowering inter-religious discourse and enjoying their differences.
Highlights
Interested groups, including policymakers, are concerned that consumers lack a working knowledge of financial concepts and do not have the tools they need to make decisions most advantageous to their economic well-being (Braunstein and Welch, 2002)
In the context of Malaysia, statistics issued by Malaysian Insolvency Department (MDL) show that number of individual person declared bankrupt is keep increasing from year to year
There are more than 50% Chinese respondents and respondents from other ethnicity who scored 6 or more correct responses
Summary
Interested groups, including policymakers, are concerned that consumers lack a working knowledge of financial concepts and do not have the tools they need to make decisions most advantageous to their economic well-being (Braunstein and Welch, 2002). It has been argued that the most concerning issues regarding the low levels of financial literacy among consumers is the possible negative effects for economic behavior (Hogarth et al, 2005) including lack of saving (Lusardi and Mitchell, 2007). In the context of Malaysia, statistics issued by Malaysian Insolvency Department (MDL) show that number of individual person declared bankrupt is keep increasing from year to year. These bankruptcy cases have been argued as, to some extent, reflect poor money management skills amongst Malaysian (Anwar, 2011)
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