Abstract
Pharmacotherapy using natural substances can be currently regarded as a very promising future alternative to conventional therapy of diabetes mellitus, especially in the case of chronic disease when the body is no longer able to produce adequate insulin or when it cannot use the produced insulin effectively. This minireview summarizes the perspectives, recent advances, and major challenges of medicinal mushrooms from Ganoderma genus with reference to their antidiabetic activity. The most active ingredients of those mushrooms are polysaccharides and triterpenoids. We hope this review can offer some theoretical basis and inspiration for the mechanism study of the bioactivity of those compounds.
Highlights
Diabetes is a metabolic disorder caused by a lack of insulin and insulin dysfunction characterized by hyperglycemia
Analyzing the published results related to the use of substances and extracts derived from fungi of the genus Ganoderma as anti-diabetic substances, it can be concluded that two groups of compounds are most important: polysaccharides and terpenoids, their antidiabetic activity will be discussed in this work in the following chapters
The aqueous and alcohol extracts of G. lucidum were tested in mice and rats with induced diabetes for lowering blood sugar levels. (Table 1) In research conducted by Seto et al [22] normal and obese diabetic mice were used
Summary
Diabetes is a metabolic disorder caused by a lack of insulin and insulin dysfunction characterized by hyperglycemia. The fifth type of diabetes occurs in the elderly and is milder (minor metabolic changes are observed) Patients with this type of disease can be controlled with medication without need of insulin injection. Because of the rather high risk of hypoglycaemia, sulfonylureas are not recommended as the first choice in the pharmacotherapy of type 2 diabetes They lose their effectiveness after six years of use in approximately 44% of patients [9]. Analyzing the published results related to the use of substances and extracts derived from fungi of the genus Ganoderma as anti-diabetic substances, it can be concluded that two groups of compounds are most important: polysaccharides and terpenoids, their antidiabetic activity will be discussed in this work in the following chapters
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