Mushrooms as Functional Foods

Abstract

Foreword. Preface. Acknowledgments. Contributors. 1. Overview of Mushroom Cultivation and Utilization as Functional Foods (Shu-Ting Chang). 1.1 Introduction. 1.2 What Are Mushrooms? 1.3 Concept of Mushroom Biology and Applied Mushroom Biology. 1.4 Mushroom Cultivation. 1.5 World Mushroom Production. 1.6 Mushroom Biotechnology. 1.7 Development of World Mushroom Industry Movements. 1.8 Concluding Remarks. References. 2. Molecular Analysis and Genomic Studies of the Shiitake Mushroom Lentinula edodes (Hoi-Shan Kwan and Winnie W. Y. Chum) 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Isolation of Genes. 2.3 Molecular Genetics. 2.4 Functional Genomic Approaches for Gene Expression Analysis. 2.5 Transcriptional Regulation. 2.6 Transformation. 2.7 Process Analysis. 2.8 Conclusion. References. 3. Nutritional Value and Health Benefits of Mushrooms (Peter C.K. Cheung). 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Wild and Cultivated Edible Mushrooms. 3.3 Production of Cultivated Mushrooms. 3.4 Nutritional Composition. 3.5 Newly Cultivated/Nonconventional Mushrooms. 3.6 Nutritional Evaluation. 3.7 Health Benefits of Edible Mushrooms. 3.8 Conclusion. References. 4. Sclerotia: Emerging Functional Food Derived from Mushrooms (Ka-Hing Wong and Peter C.K. Cheung). 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Concepts of Mushroom Sclerotia. 4.3 Ontogeny of Sclerotia. 4.4 Structure of Sclerotia. 4.5 Cultivation of Mushroom Sclerotia. 4.6 Biochemical, Nutritional, and Technological Characteristics of Mushroom Sclerotia. 4.7 Biopharmacological Values of Mushroom Sclerotia of P. tuber-regium, P. rhinoceros, and W. cocos. 4.8 Conclusion. References. 5. Antitumor and Immunomodulatory Activities of Mushroom Polysaccharides (Vincent E.C. Ooi). 5.1 Introduction. 5.2 Antitumor Polysaccharides from Mushrooms (Higher Fungi). 5.3 Mechanisms of Antitumor Action of Mushroom Polysaccharides. 5.4 Structure and Antitumor Activity Relationship of Polysaccharides. 5.5 Conclusions. References. 6. Regulatory Issues of Mushrooms as Functional Foods and Dietary Supplements: Safety and Efficacy (Solomon P. Wasser and Eden Akavia). 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Legal and Regulatory Issues of Introducing and Controlling Dietary Supplements from Medicinal Mushrooms in Different Countries. 6.3 Safety and Diversity of Dietary Supplement Types from Culinary-Medicinal Mushrooms. 6.4 Submerged Culturing as the Best Technique for Obtaining Consistent and Safe Mushroom Products. 6.5 Experiences of Seven Countries in Consolidating Their Food Safety System. 6.6 Summary. References. Index.