Abstract
Muscle thickness (MT) measured by ultrasound has been used to estimate cross‐sectional area (measured by CT and MRI) at a single time point. We tested whether MT could be used as a valid marker of MRI determined muscle anatomical cross‐sectional area (ACSA) and volume changes following resistance training (RT). Nine healthy, young, male volunteers (24 ± 2 y.o., BMI 24.1 ± 2.8 kg/m2) had vastus lateralis (VL) muscle volume (VOL) and ACSA mid (at 50% of femur length, FL) assessed by MRI, and VL MT measured by ultrasound at 50% FL. Measurements were taken at baseline and after 12 weeks of isokinetic RT. Differences between baseline and post‐training were assessed by Student's paired t test. The relationships between MRI and ultrasound measurements were tested by Pearson's correlation. After RT, MT increased by 7.5 ± 6.1% (P < .001), ACSA mid by 5.2 ± 5% (P < .001), and VOL by 5.0 ± 6.9% (P < .05) (values: means ± SD). Positive correlations were found, at baseline and 12 weeks, between MT and ACSA mid (r = .82, P < .001 and r = .73, P < .001, respectively), and between MT and VOL (r = .76, P < .001 and r = .73, P < .001, respectively). The % change in MT with training was correlated with % change in ACSA mid (r = .69, P < .01), but not % change in VOL (r = .33, P > .05). These data support evidence that MT is a reliable index of muscle ACSA mid and VOL at a single time point. MT changes following RT are associated with parallel changes in muscle ACSA mid but not with the changes in VOL, highlighting the impact of RT on regional hypertrophy.
Highlights
Skeletal muscle is the largest adipose tissue-free mass in humans, constituting a substantial portion of the whole-body mass, and it is crucial for locomotion and metabolic health
The present study demonstrated that vastus lateralis (VL) Muscle thickness (MT) measured mid- thigh level using ultrasound before and after a knee extension training protocol was significantly correlated to ACSAmid and VOL assessed by MRI at the same time points
These data support evidence that MT can be regarded as a readily available measure of muscle size that is related to skeletal muscle ACSAmid and VOL when assessed at a single time point
Summary
Skeletal muscle is the largest adipose tissue-free mass in humans, constituting a substantial portion of the whole-body mass, and it is crucial for locomotion and metabolic health. MRI is regarded as the gold standard for clinical and research imaging of skeletal muscle, allowing investigators to accurately assess muscle mass at an individual time point and its changes over time.[2,3] besides its accuracy, estimation. The second hypothesis was that the RT-induced change in VL MT would be positively correlated to changes in VL ACSA and VOL
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