Muscle-Bone Interactions in Chinese Men and Women Aged 18-35 Years.

Meihua Su,Michael Bemben,Zhaojing Chen,Debra Bemben,Samuel Buchanan,Breanne Baker

doi:10.1155/2020/8126465

Abstract

To characterize bone mineral density (BMD), bone strength, muscle and fat mass, and muscle strength and power in Chinese women (n = 25) and men (n = 28) classified as in the bone accrual phase (18–25 years) or in the peak bone mass phase (26–35 years). Calcium intakes, physical activity levels, and serum vitamin D were measured. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) assessed body composition, lumbar spine, and hip areal BMD (aBMD) variables and peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) assessed cortical and trabecular volumetric BMD (vBMD) and bone strength. Muscle strength and power were assessed by grip strength, leg press, and vertical jump tests. Calcium, serum vitamin D, and physical activity levels were similar across age and sex groups. Significant sex differences (p < 0.05) were found for most body composition variables, hip aBMD, tibia variables, and muscle strength and power. Adjusting for height and weight eliminated most of the significant sex differences. Women showed stronger positive correlations between body composition and bone variables (r = 0.44 to 0.78) than men. Also, correlations between muscle strength/power were stronger in women vs. men (r = 0.43 to 0.82). Bone traits were better related to body composition and muscle function in Chinese women compared to Chinese men aged 18 to 35 years, and peak bone mass seems to be achieved by 25 years of age in both Chinese men and women since there were no differences between the two age groups.

Highlights

IntroductionPeak bone mass (usually achieved by 25 years of age) is essential to bone health and is associated with a potential risk of osteoporosis
Peak bone mass is essential to bone health and is associated with a potential risk of osteoporosis
Asian women have lower rates of hip and forearm fractures but similar risk for vertebral fractures as Caucasian women [8]. ese incongruous findings are difficult to understand since it has been reported that both pre- and postmenopausal Chinese American women generally have a smaller bone size (DXA), yet thicker cortical and trabecular bone compartments, and Journal of Osteoporosis architecturally stronger bone, at least at the radius and tibia, and display lower fracture rates at peripheral sites compared to Caucasians

Summary

Introduction

Peak bone mass (usually achieved by 25 years of age) is essential to bone health and is associated with a potential risk of osteoporosis. One limitation to these findings is that these Chinese American women could have been born in the United States, moved from China, and lived in the United States for various lengths of time, or born in other countries before moving to the United States and not based on Chinese women, born and living in China for all their lives with the exception of the 5 or less years that they have lived in the United States as this study has established. Premenopausal Chinese women have been reported to have lower physical activity levels, lower dietary calcium intakes, and lower serum vitamin D concentrations compared to their Caucasian counterparts [5, 7]

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Results

Conclusion