Abstract
In the Federal Republic of Germany wastes should, in the first line, be avoided and, in the second line, be recycled or utilized for energy production. When MSWI bottom ash is utilized in road construction as granular base material it has to satisfy the structural engineering requirements, and its environmental compatibility has to be ensured. With regard to the mineralogical composition four types of bottom ashes can be distinguished: (1) grate ash: material discharged from the end of the grate, (2) raw bottom ash: grate ash discharged via a quench tank, containing grate siftings, (3) bottom ash: raw bottom ash that had been processed and stored for at least three months, (4) aged bottom ash: raw bottom ash that had been stored for several years. To evaluate these requirements, mineralogical, chemical, and structural engineering methods are applied to raw bottom ashes as well as to processed bottom ashes stored for three months, all originating from 12 municipal solid waste incineration plants operated on different process technologies.
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